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How long is the shelf life of commonly used fertilizers? Will it expire after a long time? How to store?
time2018/07/12
Will the fertilizer expire after a long time?
According to the characteristics of fertilizers, as long as the fertilizers are properly stored, the bags are not damaged, are not exposed to rain, are not exposed to moisture, and are not mixed with alkaline substances. Generally, they can be stored for a long time. Therefore, there is no regulation on the shelf life of chemical fertilizers. For example, fertilizers such as urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulphate can be stacked in a cool and dry warehouse for 20 years. The nutrient content and other indicators have not changed except for the agglomeration of fertilizer.
If the fertilizer is released for a long time, some will fail and some will not fail. Specifically depends on the variety of fertilizers. Several major commonly used varieties are introduced as follows:
1, urea will only lose weight will not expire
When dry, it can be put for a long time. When the temperature is as high as 122 ° C, the urea decomposes, and the decomposed ammonia and carbon dioxide simultaneously volatilize and lose weight. So even if the warehouse is in a fire, the remaining urea properties will not change. However, urea is afraid of moisture, and it is easy to encounter water and wet leaching to lose weight.
2. The effect of superphosphate is unchanged.
In case of rain, the loss of fertilizer will be worse. For example, superphosphate produced from phosphate rock with high iron and aluminum content should not be stored for one year. Because, after about 170 days of storage, the calcium carbonate contained therein can be slowly converted into iron phosphate or aluminum phosphate, which becomes a poorly soluble substance, and the fertilizer efficiency is deteriorated.
3. Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are very stable
Potassium chloride and potassium sulfate are very stable compounds. When they are agglomerated with water, they are applied after breaking and the fertilizer effect is unchanged. However, the dosage should be calculated on a dry basis at the time of application.
4, diammonium phosphate is afraid of high temperature
When the temperature of the diammonium phosphate is higher than 30 ° C, it will gradually change to monoammonium phosphate, and a small amount of ammonia is volatilized. Therefore, the stored diammonium phosphate should be tightly packed to prevent the ammonia from volatilizing.
5, ferrous sulfate moisture will deteriorate
Ferrous sulfate is a strong oxidant. If it is wet with water, it can be easily converted into ferric sulfate. The crop cannot be absorbed. Poor fertilizer efficiency, easy to fail.
How to store fertilizer scientifically?
In the hot and rainy season, fertilizers should be mainly stored in warehouses. The interior of the store should be ventilated, cooled, and protected from rain and moisture. There are two types of storage methods for storing fertilizer in warehouses: bulk storage and bag storage.
For the nitrogenous fertilizers with strong hygroscopicity, such as ammonium, whether it is bulk or storage, in order to avoid agglomeration, the height of the pile and the pile should be controlled, such as 25 to 40 kg of large bags, 20 bags. The pile is at a moderate height.
If you choose to store the shed, you should choose a place where the terrain is high, the ground is flat, there is no water, and the banquet or plastic film is placed. After the fertilizers are piled up neatly, the plastic film is covered with the top, and the roof is erected, and the tarpaulin is covered to prevent rain.
Fertilizer storage should be done with "six defenses":
An anti-volatile ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate are extremely volatile, so they should be sealed when stored. Nitrogen fertilizers and superphosphates are strictly prohibited from being mixed with alkaline substances such as lime and grass ash to prevent chemical reactions, which cause nitrogen fertilizers to volatilize and reduce the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizers.
2. Anti-moisture Ammonium, lime nitrogen and superphosphate can easily agglomerate after moisture absorption, which affects the application effect. Also, after the ammonium bicarbonate absorbs moisture, the nitrogen is volatile, and it is sealed tightly to avoid contact with air. Therefore, these fertilizers should be stored in a dry, cool place.
3. Anti-corrosion Calcium phosphate is corrosive and should be protected from contact with skin and metal utensils. Ammonia water is highly corrosive to copper and iron and should be stored in ceramics, plastics and wooden containers. In addition, fertilizers cannot be stacked with seeds, and do not use fertilizer bags to seed, so as not to affect seed germination.
Four high-temperature nitrogen fertilizers through the sun, nitrogen volatilization loss will accelerate; ammonium will decompose oxygen when high temperature, which will cause fertilizer failure.
5. Fire protection Ammonium, potassium and other fuels are flammable. They should not be stacked with flammable materials such as kerosene, gasoline, straw, wood chips, etc. during storage to avoid fire.
Six anti-metals If ammonium, potassium, etc. are mixed with metal powders such as copper and iron, once they are rubbed, they will cause an accident. Therefore, after these chemical fertilizers are hardened, do not use metal objects to slam them. Use heavy objects to crush them.
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