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Is it better to use urea for top dressing or compound fertilizer? What are the misunderstandings?
time2020/08/24
- Nowadays, the farming level of farmers is relatively low, especially when it comes to fertilization, there are many misunderstandings, and improper fertilization is prone to cause poor and slow fertilization after fertilization, and even cause plant death.
Nowadays, the farming level of farmers is relatively low, especially when it comes to fertilization, there are many misunderstandings, and improper fertilization is prone to cause poor and slow fertilization after fertilization, and even cause plant death. Therefore, is it better to use urea for top dressing or compound fertilizer? What are the misunderstandings to be aware of? Let's take a look together below.
Misunderstanding 1: The closer to the plant stem when fertilizing, the easier the fertilizer will be absorbed
This is a common phenomenon in rural areas, and this method of fertilization has greater harm. Because the part that plants absorb nutrients is in the root hair area, plant stems and roots (except the root hair area) absorb little or no nutrients.
When fertilizing is close to the stem of the plant (except in the seedling stage), the farther the fertilizer is from the nutrient absorption part of the plant, the less likely it is to be absorbed. If the fertilizer is applied too much and the concentration is too high, the phenomenon of "burning seedlings" is likely to occur.
Therefore, when fertilizing, the location of fertilization should be determined according to the growth of the above-ground plant and the growth of underground roots to ensure that the fertilized fruit.
Misunderstanding 2: Apply fertilizer after crops are lacking in fertilizer
After the fertilizer is applied, it takes 3-5 days in the paddy field to be absorbed and used by the crops, and generally 5-7 days in the dry land to be absorbed and used. Therefore, fertilizing the crops after the lack of fertilizer will cause the crop to be short of fertilizer. As a result, the fertilization work should be carried out according to the characteristics of crops requiring fertilizer. Paddy fields should be fertilized 5-7 days in advance, and dry fields should be fertilized 8-10 days in advance.
At the same time, the nutrient absorption of crops is also related to light, temperature, water, and fertilization methods (such as dry application, leaching, extra-root topdressing, etc.). Strong sunlight, high temperature, and sufficient water speed up the absorption of crop nutrients, on the contrary, the absorption slows down.
The extra-root topdressing fertilizer is directly absorbed by the leaves, so it is fast and can be applied later, but the concentration should be low to prevent damage to the leaves. The leaching can make the fertilizer directly penetrate into the roots of the plant, which is faster, or can be applied late, and the effect of dry fertilization is slow , Should be implemented early.
Misunderstanding 3: As long as crops grow well, high yields can be obtained
The growth of crops includes two stages of vegetative growth and reproductive growth (except for leafy vegetables and fleshy stem crops). Applying sufficient nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage of growth can promote vegetative growth, but if nitrogen fertilizer is applied in the reproductive growth period, it will cause crops to become greedy, affect reproductive growth, and hinder the conversion of nutrients, which will reduce yield and quality.
Therefore, fertilization should be carried out according to the growth of crops. Nitrogen fertilizer should be used in the early stage to promote vegetative growth, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be used in the middle and late stages to promote reproductive growth and increase yield.
Misunderstanding 4: As long as enough fertilizer is applied, high yield can be obtained
The types and quantities of nutrients required for the whole growth period of various crops and different growth periods are different. If fertilization is not carried out according to the fertilization characteristics of the crops, one will cause the crops to appear nutrient deficiency, stress resistance and disease resistance, resulting in low yield and reduced quality.
The second is to leave or lose the nutrients that some crops require little or not to absorb, causing fertilizer waste. Therefore, the type and quantity of fertilization should be determined according to the growth characteristics of the plant to exert fertilizer efficiency.
Misunderstanding 5: As long as fertilizer is applied, it will be effective
The fertilizer efficiency of fertilization is related to soil characteristics, crop nutrient absorption characteristics, fertilizer nutrient release characteristics and many conditions such as water, air, and heat. If the influence of various factors is not considered, it is very easy to cause nutrient loss and fertilizer shortage.
Sandy soil has fast fertilizer efficiency, but it also loses quickly. Therefore, it should be carried out according to the principle of less application and multiple application. Clay loam has slow fertilizer effect, so sufficient base fertilizer should be applied and topdressing should be applied early. Potash fertilizer is easy to dissolve, but it loses quickly.
Therefore, fertilizers should be applied in time according to the characteristics of the potassium demand of the crops. Organic fertilizers and phosphate fertilizers have slower effects and less loss. They should be applied early. Ammonium bicarbonate is highly volatile. It can be composted with organic fertilizers or phosphate fertilizers for 1-2 days and then applied to reduce nutrients. Lost.
Misunderstanding 6: Only pay attention to the quantity of fertilizer, not the nutrient content
Some compound fertilizers now appearing on the market are widely used in rural areas due to their low unit prices. These compound fertilizers generally have the phenomenon that the content of active ingredients is low or the content of one of the three major elements is very low or not at all.
However, farmers did not pay enough attention to these conditions and continued the fertilization habit of high-content compound fertilizers. As a result, the applied nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were insufficient, resulting in crop deficiency and nutrient deficiency, which affected yield and quality.
Therefore, when using these compound fertilizers, you should understand the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content of these compound fertilizers, and use nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other single-element fertilizers according to the characteristics of various crops to ensure the normal growth of crops.
Misunderstanding 7: The more fertilization, the higher the benefit
According to the principle of diminishing returns, when fertilization reaches a certain amount, the input-output ratio decreases and the benefit decreases. If too much fertilizer is applied, it will cause a reduction in production.
Therefore, according to the characteristics of fertilizer requirements, soil fertility, and planting density of crops throughout the growth period of the crops, the principle of sufficient supply but no waste should be found to find a fertilization plan for fertilization to exert fertilizer efficiency and increase economic benefits.
Misunderstanding 8: Only pay attention to the application of large quantities of elements, not the application of trace elements
Macronutrients are the basic elements that crops rely on for growth. However, some crops require more certain trace elements during the whole growth period or a certain growth period or the soil lacks trace elements. If trace elements are not added, it will cause plant deformities, Falling flowers and fruit, product yield and quality decline, etc.
Therefore, while applying sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other large elements, it is necessary to apply iron, manganese, zinc, boron and other trace elements in accordance with the fertilizer requirements of crops and the composition of soil nutrients to ensure the normal growth of crops .
Misunderstanding 9: Only apply base fertilizer, not top dressing
Nowadays, many users are afraid of trouble. After applying the base fertilizer, they no longer apply top dressing. This fertilization method is unscientific. Crops have less nutrient requirements in the early stage, and the application of sufficient base fertilizer can indeed ensure the long-term crop nutrient requirements.
But even some fertilizers with sufficient stamina have a limited duration of fertilizer effect. Especially for soils with poor fertilizer and water retention capacity, it is more likely to cause defertilization if the fertilizer is not applied in time. Therefore, the crops with a growing period of more than 2 months should be properly topdressed to ensure the nutrient requirements of the crops during the vigorous growth period.
Misunderstanding No. 10: Fertilizing Fruit Trees
Fruit trees have more flowers and fewer flowers to a large extent depend on the tree vigor. To make the fruit trees more flower buds and more fruit set in the second year, adequate fertilizer should be applied in the previous year, especially after the fruit is fertilized, because picking the fruit will damage the tree's vitality. At this time, nutrients should be added in time to restore the vitality of the fruit tree, enhance the resistance of the fruit tree, and ensure the production capacity of the fruit tree in the second year.
Some people like to apply winter fertilizer. Although it is useful, it is not the right time, because the important part of the nutrient absorption of fruit trees is in the roots. When winter is in, the root system of the tree is almost in a dormant state and the ability to absorb nutrients is weak. The time to fertilize fruit trees is After picking the fruit before falling leaves. The direct result of flower fertilization is to cause the fruit trees to appear large and small.